Evan A. Fisher<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
will defend his thesis in Sciences, technologies & society<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
L\u2019humanitaire au pr\u00e9sent<\/p>\n
Localiser les choix globaux de m\u00e9decins sans fronti\u00e8res<\/p>\n
Humanitarian presence. Locating the global choices of doctors without borders<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Thesis prepared at PSL University (Paris Sciences et Lettres), Ecole Doctorale EOS \u2013 Economics, Organisation, Society, at the Center for the Sociology of Innovation (UMR 9217), \u00c9cole nationale sup\u00e9rieure des mines (Paris)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Room L109 (20 people maximum). The public will be able to attend by videoconference<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A\u00a0 jury composed of:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Thesis supervisor: Antoine HENNION<\/p>\n Summary of the thesis<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0This dissertation is a monograph of the nongovernmental organisation (NGO) Doctors Without Borders (MSF). It is based on an ethnographic inquiry into the operations of this medical humanitarian NGO as they take place. Observing members of MSF providing healthcare to migrants in Paris and to inhabitants of a slum in Nairobi, evaluating and planning projects in their headquarters, we see them tinker together the sometimes-incompatible goals of a seemingly simple humanitarian mission: medical assistance to the vulnerable around the world. Our pragmatist approach consists in arguing that analysis of international aid must account for how humanitarians find a way to hold together the ambiguities, and even the contradictions, of this claimed mission in the ambivalent effects humanitarian aid in practice. \u00a0R\u00e9sum\u00e9 de la th\u00e8se<\/em><\/p>\n Cette th\u00e8se constitue une monographie de l\u2019organisation non gouvernementale M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res. Son mat\u00e9riel de base est une enqu\u00eate ethnographique men\u00e9e sur les op\u00e9rations de cette ONG m\u00e9dicale humanitaire au moment m\u00eame o\u00f9 elles se d\u00e9roulent. En observant les membres de MSF en train de proposer des soins m\u00e9dicaux aux migrants dormant dans les rues \u00e0 Paris ou aux habitants d\u2019un bidonville \u00e0 Nairobi, ou en train d\u2019\u00e9valuer et de planifier leurs projets depuis le si\u00e8ge, nous les voyons bricoler pour faire tenir ensemble les objectifs parfois incompatibles d\u2019une mission humanitaire en apparence simple : l\u2019assistance m\u00e9dicale \u00e0 des personnes vuln\u00e9rables \u00e0 travers le monde. Notre approche pragmatiste nous invite \u00e0 prendre au s\u00e9rieux dans l\u2019analyse le fait que c\u2019est l\u2019aide humanitaire elle-m\u00eame qui doit faire tenir ensemble en situation les ambigu\u00eft\u00e9s, les ambivalences ou m\u00eame les contradictions d\u2019une telle mission, tant dans ses projets et ses actions que dans ses effets ambivalents. Humanitarian presence. Locating the global choices of doctors without borders<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":13504,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tribe_events_status":"","_tribe_events_status_reason":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"tribe_events_cat":[160],"class_list":["post-13506","tribe_events","type-tribe_events","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tribe_events_cat-seminaires-en","cat_seminaires-en","entry","has-media"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events\/13506","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/tribe_events"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events\/13506\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13504"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13506"},{"taxonomy":"tribe_events_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/i3-cnrs.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tribe_events_cat?post=13506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n\n
\n La\u00ebtitia\u00a0ATLANI-DUAULT<\/td>\n Research Director<\/td>\n Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes, Universit\u00e9 Paris Nanterre<\/td>\n Examiner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Ann H.\u00a0KELLY<\/td>\n Associate professor<\/td>\n King\u2019s College London<\/td>\n Rapporteur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Antoine\u00a0HENNION<\/td>\n Research Director<\/td>\n Mines-ParisTech, PSL Universit\u00e9<\/td>\n Examiner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Monika\u00a0KRAUSE<\/td>\n Associate professor<\/td>\n London School of Economics<\/td>\n Examiner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Jean-Herv\u00e9\u00a0BRADOL<\/td>\n MD, Research Director<\/td>\n M\u00e9decins sans fronti\u00e8res (CRASH)<\/td>\n Examiner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Fanny\u00a0CHABROL<\/td>\n Research Fellow<\/td>\n Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes<\/td>\n Examiner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Nicolas\u00a0DODIER<\/td>\n Research Director<\/td>\n EHESS<\/td>\n Rapporteur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\nTo this end, we ask how MSF selects those it seeks to assist around the world. Our response entails close description of the instrumentation of triage: the problematic processes of elaborating and using tools that support the reflexive choice of beneficiaries around the globe. We then make three analytical gestures, allowing us to contribute to ongoing discussions in anthropology on global assemblages, global spaces, and global health. First, we show how the processes of bordering, territorializing, and scaling that triage instruments support, participate in producing humanitarian locations: humanitarian space, the field, medical platforms, and headquarters. Second, analysing the ways triage instruments script for those humanitarians claim to assist, we argue that MSF gains humanitarian agency in the ways it relates to humanitarian beneficiaries: the tact and tactics of care, the reciprocal recognition of beneficiaries in their need and of MSF\u2019s need to help, the acceptance of responsibility for this vulnerability coupled with an attempt to transfer responsibility to public health care systems. Third, accounting for these instruments in terms of humanitarian technologies of intervention, we demonstrate how MSF makes timely interventions into governing bodies and the bodies of the governed. Together, our description of aid as it takes place and our analysis of the problems associated with humanitarian locations, beneficiaries, and technologies of intervention constitute what we call MSF\u2019s humanitarian presence. This humanitarian presence indicates the ways MSF exists, in their global physical extension, in the health care they practice, in their nongovernmental politics and their ethics of attention. This concept supports critique by indicating, first, the multiple and incompatible goods that are to inhere in humanitarian aid, and second, those specific instances when MSF has failed to do so.<\/p>\n
\nPour ce faire, nous nous sommes demand\u00e9 comment proc\u00e8de MSF pour s\u00e9lectionner celles et ceux qu\u2019elle cherche \u00e0 aider autour du monde. Pour r\u00e9pondre, nous avons produit une description fine de l\u2019instrumentation du triage : les processus d\u2019\u00e9laboration et l\u2019usage des outils qui soutiennent le choix r\u00e9flexif des b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires autour du globe. Nous proposons pour cela trois gestes analytiques, qui nous permettent de contribuer aux discussions actuelles sur la globalit\u00e9 en anthropologie : assemblages globaux, espaces globaux, sant\u00e9 globale. D\u2019abord, nous montrons comment le trac\u00e9 de fronti\u00e8res, de territoires, d\u2019\u00e9chelles que ces instruments de triage ne cessent de produire participe \u00e0 la distribution de lieux humanitaires : l\u2019espace humanitaire, le terrain, les plateformes m\u00e9dicales, le si\u00e8ge de MSF. Ensuite, en faisant porter l\u2019analyse sur la fa\u00e7on dont les instruments de triage d\u00e9bouchent sur une mise en \u00ab scripts \u00bb ou en sc\u00e9narios de ceux que les humanitaires pr\u00e9tendent aider, nous montrons comment MSF acquiert la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019agir sp\u00e9cifiquement dans ses relations avec les b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires humanitaires : tact et tactiques du care, reconnaissance r\u00e9ciproque des b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires dans leur besoin d\u2019aide et des humanitaires dans leur besoin d\u2019aider, acceptabilit\u00e9 d\u2019une responsabilit\u00e9 envers cette vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e dans le m\u00eame temps \u00e0 la tentative de transf\u00e9rer cette responsabilit\u00e9 vers des syst\u00e8mes des sant\u00e9 publics. Enfin, en rendant compte de ces instruments en termes de technologies humanitaires d\u2019intervention, nous mettons en \u00e9vidence la fa\u00e7on dont MSF op\u00e8re des interventions ponctuelles tant dans les organes de gouvernement que dans les corps des gouvern\u00e9s. Notre description de l\u2019aide en train de se faire et notre analyse des probl\u00e8mes associ\u00e9s aux lieux, aux b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires et aux technologies d\u2019intervention humanitaires constituent ce que nous appelons l\u2019aide humanitaire au pr\u00e9sent. Par aide humanitaire au pr\u00e9sent, nous d\u00e9signons les mani\u00e8res d\u2019exister de MSF, son extension physique globale, les soins de sant\u00e9 qu\u2019elle accomplit, sa politique non gouvernementale et son \u00e9thique de l\u2019attention. Sur ce concept peut se soutenir une approche critique positive de l\u2019aide humanitaire, consid\u00e9rant \u00e0 la fois la pluralit\u00e9 et l\u2019incompatibilit\u00e9 des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices qu\u2019elle est cens\u00e9e apporter, mais aussi les cas et les instances pr\u00e9cis o\u00f9 MSF a \u00e9chou\u00e9 \u00e0 les faire tenir ensemble.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"